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An efficient water supply and distribution system, a reliable supply of potable water, an appropriate system of wastewater collection, treatment and disposal, and an effective municipal solid waste management are essential for the health and well being of modern urban communities. The design, installation, operation and maintenance of these facilities are traditionally the responsibilities of local government engineers or consulting engineers employed by local government. This course therefore includes the modules on water supply and distribution system, conventional and advanced water treatment processes, wastewater treatment, sludge and solid waste treatment. In order to understand the principles and processes of water and wastewater treatment, there is a need to appreciate the vectors of waterborne diseases, microbiology, as well as topics in water chemistry. Environmental matters (notably solid refuse management) and legislation likely to be included in the responsibilities of a local government engineer are also included in this course.